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                    <h1 class="description center-align post-title">适配器模式</h1>
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                                <span class="chip bg-color">设计模式</span>
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                <h1 id="目录"><a href="#目录" class="headerlink" title="目录"></a>目录</h1><p>[TOC]</p>
<h1 id="Observer-观察者模式"><a href="#Observer-观察者模式" class="headerlink" title="Observer 观察者模式"></a>Observer 观察者模式</h1><p>观察者模式有时又被称为发布-订阅（<code>publish－Subscribe</code>）模式、模型-视图（<code>model－View</code>）模式、源-收听者(<code>Source-listener</code>)模式，或从属者模式。在此种模式中，一个【目标物件】管理所有相依于它的观察者物件，并且在它本身的状态改变时【主动】发出通知。这通常通过调用各观察者所提供的接口来实现。此种模式通常被用来实现<code>事件处理</code>系统。</p>
<p>观察者模式定义了对象间的【一对多】关系，当一个对象的行为、状态发生变化时，所有订阅者能够收到相应的通知。</p>
<p>观察者模式一般有2种，一种【推模式】，一个【拉模式】。推模式即当被订阅者对象发生改变时，会<code>主动</code>将变化的消息【推给】订阅者，而不考虑每个订阅者当时的处理能力；另一种是拉模式，即订阅者持有被观察者的实例，当被订阅者的行为发生改变时，拉模式会主动的根据引用【获取】变化的相关数据。</p>
<p>观察者模式中涉及的角色</p>
<ul>
<li>抽象主题[Subject]：即被观察者ObServable</li>
<li>具体主题[ConcreteSubject]：在具体主题内部状态改变时，通知观察者</li>
<li>抽象观察者[Observer]：为所有具体观察者定义接口</li>
<li>具体观察者[ConcreteObserver]：可以保存指向具体主题对象的引用</li>
</ul>
<p>使用场景 ：当一个系统中【某个】对象的改变需要同时改变其他【多个】对象，且它不知道具体有多少对象有待改变时候 使用。<br>作用：通知对象状态改变 。</p>
<h1 id="最简单的观察者模式"><a href="#最简单的观察者模式" class="headerlink" title="最简单的观察者模式"></a>最简单的观察者模式</h1><h2 id="抽象观察者"><a href="#抽象观察者" class="headerlink" title="抽象观察者"></a>抽象观察者</h2><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Watcher</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String str<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
</code></pre>
<h2 id="抽象主题"><a href="#抽象主题" class="headerlink" title="抽象主题"></a>抽象主题</h2><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Watched</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">addWatcher</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Watcher watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">removeWatcher</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Watcher watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">notifyWatchers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String str<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
</code></pre>
<h2 id="具体观察者"><a href="#具体观察者" class="headerlink" title="具体观察者"></a>具体观察者</h2><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteWatcher</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Watcher</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>  
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String str<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
        Log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">i</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bqt"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"观察者收到被观察者的消息："</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> str<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
</code></pre>
<h2 id="具体主题"><a href="#具体主题" class="headerlink" title="具体主题"></a>具体主题</h2><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteWatched</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Watched</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> List<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Watcher<span class="token operator">></span> list <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>  
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">addWatcher</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Watcher watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
            Log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">i</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bqt"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"失败，被观察者已经注册过此观察者"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
            Log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">i</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bqt"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"成功，被观察者成功注册了此观察者"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
            list<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>  

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>  
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">removeWatcher</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Watcher watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
            <span class="token keyword">boolean</span> success <span class="token operator">=</span> list<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
            Log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">i</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bqt"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"此观察者解除注册观察者结果："</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>success <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token string">"成功"</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"失败"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
            Log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">i</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bqt"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"失败，此观察者并未注册到被观察者"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>  

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>  
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">notifyWatchers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String str<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
        <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Watcher watcher <span class="token operator">:</span> list<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
            watcher<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>str<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
</code></pre>
<h2 id="演示案例"><a href="#演示案例" class="headerlink" title="演示案例"></a>演示案例</h2><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">private</span> Watcher watcher<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
<span class="token keyword">private</span> Watched watched<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
<span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//...  </span>
watcher <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteWatcher</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
watched <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteWatched</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
<span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//...  </span>
watched<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addWatcher</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
watched<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">notifyWatchers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"救命啊"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
watched<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">removeWatcher</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>watcher<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  
</code></pre>
<h1 id="观察者模式详细案例"><a href="#观察者模式详细案例" class="headerlink" title="观察者模式详细案例"></a>观察者模式详细案例</h1><h2 id="产品对象"><a href="#产品对象" class="headerlink" title="产品对象"></a>产品对象</h2><p>发布者要发布什么给订阅者？订阅者要订阅什么？这中间需要定义一个产品对象：</p>
<pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">boolean</span> changed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> String message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> num <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="抽象主题-Subject"><a href="#抽象主题-Subject" class="headerlink" title="抽象主题 Subject"></a>抽象主题 Subject</h2><p>也叫抽象被观察者Observable。抽象主题把所有对观察者对象的引用保存在一个集合里，每个主题都可以有任意数量的观察者。抽象主题可以增加和删除观察者对象</p>
<pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Subject</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">attach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observer observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//注册观察者对象</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">detach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observer observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//移除/取消注册观察者对象</span>
    <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">/**－－－－－－－－－上面两个是最基本的方法，下面的方法都不是必须的－－－－－－－－*/</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">nodifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//通知所有注册的观察者对象</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Product product<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//把通知的内容封装到一个对象中</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> Product <span class="token function">getProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//获取产品对象</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="具体主题-ConcreteSubject"><a href="#具体主题-ConcreteSubject" class="headerlink" title="具体主题 ConcreteSubject"></a>具体主题 ConcreteSubject</h2><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteSubject</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Subject</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> List<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Observer<span class="token operator">></span> list <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Observer<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//用来保存注册的观察者对象</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> Product product<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">attach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observer observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        list<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">detach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observer observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        list<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">nodifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>product <span class="token operator">!=</span> null <span class="token operator">&amp;&amp;</span> product<span class="token punctuation">.</span>changed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"具体主题状态发生改变，于是通知观察者："</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> product<span class="token punctuation">.</span>message <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">"-"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> product<span class="token punctuation">.</span>num<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observer observer <span class="token operator">:</span> list<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
                observer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>product<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Product product<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>product <span class="token operator">=</span> product<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> Product <span class="token function">getProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> product<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="抽象观察者-Observer"><a href="#抽象观察者-Observer" class="headerlink" title="抽象观察者 Observer"></a>抽象观察者 Observer</h2><p>为所有的具体观察者定义一个接口，在得到主题的通知时更新自己，这个接口叫做更新接口。</p>
<pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Observer</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Product product<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="具体观察者-ConcreteObserver"><a href="#具体观察者-ConcreteObserver" class="headerlink" title="具体观察者 ConcreteObserver"></a>具体观察者 ConcreteObserver</h2><p>实现抽象观察者所要求的更新接口。如果需要，具体观察者角色可以保持一个指向具体主题对象的引用</p>
<pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteObserver</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Observer</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> String name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token function">ConcreteObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String name<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>name <span class="token operator">=</span> name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Product product<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>product <span class="token operator">==</span> null<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"具体观察者【"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> name <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">"】收到消息："</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> product<span class="token punctuation">.</span>message <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">"-"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> product<span class="token punctuation">.</span>num<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="演示"><a href="#演示" class="headerlink" title="演示"></a>演示</h2><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Test</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> InterruptedException <span class="token punctuation">{</span> 
        
        Subject subject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteSubject</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//主题对象</span>
        Observer observer1 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"包青天"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//观察者对象</span>
        Observer observer2 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"白乾涛"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        
        subject<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">attach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>observer1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//将观察者对象注册到主题对象上</span>
        subject<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">attach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>observer2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        
        Product product <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//主题发布的产品</span>
        subject<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>product<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        
        <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//当主题发布的产品对象的状态改变时，主题通知观察者</span>
        product<span class="token punctuation">.</span>changed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        product<span class="token punctuation">.</span>message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"下载进度"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        product<span class="token punctuation">.</span>num <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        subject<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nodifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        
        <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//当观察者对象不再需要监控此主题对象时，将观察者对象取消注册到主题对象上</span>
        subject<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>observer1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h1 id="利用系统提供的两个类"><a href="#利用系统提供的两个类" class="headerlink" title="利用系统提供的两个类"></a>利用系统提供的两个类</h1><h2 id="Observer-源码"><a href="#Observer-源码" class="headerlink" title="Observer 源码"></a>Observer 源码</h2><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">package</span> java<span class="token punctuation">.</span>util<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Observer</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observable o<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object arg<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="Observable-源码"><a href="#Observable-源码" class="headerlink" title="Observable 源码"></a>Observable 源码</h2><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">package</span> java<span class="token punctuation">.</span>util<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Observable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">boolean</span> changed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//标志被观察者是否改变</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> Vector obs<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//保存注册的观察者对象</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token function">Observable</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        obs <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Vector</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">synchronized</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">addObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observer o<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>o <span class="token operator">==</span> null<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">NullPointerException</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>obs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>o<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            obs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addElement</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>o<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">synchronized</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">deleteObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observer o<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        obs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">removeElement</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>o<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">notifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token function">notifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>null<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">notifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object arg<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        Object<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> arrLocal<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

        <span class="token keyword">synchronized</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>changed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            arrLocal <span class="token operator">=</span> obs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toArray</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token function">clearChanged</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

        <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> arrLocal<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">>=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span>arrLocal<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> arg<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">synchronized</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">deleteObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        obs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">removeAllElements</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">protected</span> <span class="token keyword">synchronized</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setChanged</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        changed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">protected</span> <span class="token keyword">synchronized</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">clearChanged</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        changed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">synchronized</span> <span class="token keyword">boolean</span> <span class="token function">hasChanged</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> changed<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">synchronized</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">countObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> obs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">size</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="利用系统类演示观察者模式"><a href="#利用系统类演示观察者模式" class="headerlink" title="利用系统类演示观察者模式"></a>利用系统类演示观察者模式</h2><h3 id="被观察者"><a href="#被观察者" class="headerlink" title="被观察者"></a>被观察者</h3><p>继承自Observable</p>
<pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">HanFeiZi</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Observable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">haveBreakfast</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"韩非子大吼一声：开饭！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">setChanged</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">notifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"韩非子开始吃饭了"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">haveFun</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"韩非子大吼一声：侍寝！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">setChanged</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">notifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"韩非子开始娱乐了"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="观察者"><a href="#观察者" class="headerlink" title="观察者"></a>观察者</h3><p>观察者一</p>
<pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">LiSi</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Observer</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observable observable<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object obj<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
         <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//李斯是个观察者，一旦韩非子有活动，他就收到了谍报</span>
         System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"【李斯】报告秦老板！臣收到谍报，韩非子有新动向--->"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>观察者二</p>
<pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">MrsHan</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Observer</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Observable observable<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object obj<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"【韩夫人】因为--->"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">"——所以我悲伤呀"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="演示-1"><a href="#演示-1" class="headerlink" title="演示"></a>演示</h3><pre class=" language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Test</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//定义被观察者</span>
        HanFeiZi hanFeiZi <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">HanFeiZi</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

        <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//定义观察者</span>
        Observer liSi <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">LiSi</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        Observer mrsHan <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">MrsHan</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

        <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//观察者注册被观察者 </span>
        hanFeiZi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>liSi<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        hanFeiZi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mrsHan<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

        <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//然后观察者就可以监视被观察者韩非子的动向</span>
        hanFeiZi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">haveBreakfast</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        hanFeiZi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">haveFun</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>

                
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